Practical reasoning: the general human capacity for resoliving the question of what one is to do, generally using self reflection and past experiences.
Theoretical reasoning (sometimes called speculative reasoning): to extrapolate meaning and understanding, especially in regards as to what one should do or course of action for oneself or the group, based on unemotional assessment of data.
Ethical reasoning: This is the power of mind reasoning with cultural mores and social norms in determining what to do.