What is "Field Paleontology" as noted in the nonfiction book, Your Inner Fish?

Fossils can be located with surprising ease and predictability if certain fundamental rules are followed. Before any planning can be done or predictions made, the scientists must target a specific fossil or fossils. With the geological knowledge of the planet that is available, the paleontologist will know where the rocks that are roughly the same age as the species being sought are most likely to be found. They will be selective about the type of rocks that are best for finding fossils and the locations where the top rocks are visible.