What contribution did the Carnegies and the Rockefellers make to American medicine as noted in the nonfiction book, Witches, Midwives, and Nurses?

The Carnegies and Rockefellers are two large philanthropic families who gained significant wealth at the turn of the twentieth century and chose to use some of that wealth to fund particular medical institutions. Thus, these families effectively endorsed, empowered, and legitimized certain medical institutions at the expense of others. These families therefore represent the connection between the professionalization of the American medical industry, the rise to dominance of the white, male, middle-class doctor, and the American business establishment.