American poet, W.H. Auden, is referred to often throughout the text. Hugo considers Auden to be a witty and clever writer. He also sees him as one of the poets who is smart enough to make the truth conform to the rhythm of poetry. Auden is what Hugo defines as a public poet. He has no hidden or private meanings to any of the words that he uses. Auden believed that the poet became someone else during the writing..... he also saw the fear of failure as the poet's greatest enemy.
The Triggering Town: Lectures and Essays on Poetry and Writing