Who is Samuel George Morton from The Mismeasure of Man and what is their importance?

Morton was a scientist and physician and the empiricist of the polygeny movement. He had more than one thousand skulls as part of his data gathering effort on brain size believing that ranking could be based on brain size. Crania Americana, written in 1839, is his most extensive work with most of his results being corrected by Gould. Gould followed Morton's methodology and repeated his work, finding many errors that he corrected. Morton second major work is Crania Aegyptiaca, which is based on skulls from Egyptian tombs.