Who is Francis Galton from The Mismeasure of Man and what is their importance?

Galton is a cousin of Charles Darwin and a scientist of the nineteenth century. He was interested in craniometry and, according to Gould, his conclusions were tainted with his own prejudice that led to his predetermined conclusions. Galton wrote Hereditary Genius in 1869 and in 1884 had a booth at the International Exposition where he measured people's skulls and told them their resulting level of intelligence.