What does Buddha say about suffering and nirvana?

To place suffering at the same level as impermanence and non-self is an error, since suffering is not a mark of all things in the same way. It is our attachment to things that are impermanent that causes suffering; the thing itself is not suffering. Buddha taught of nirvana, a state in which our ideas and concepts are extinguished; Hahn hopes scholars and practitioners will "not make too great an effort to prove that everything is suffering."