What important things are revealed in Chapters 59 through 63?

In this section, the reader learns many important details that up until this point in the story have been withheld for suspense. The author reveals that Bezu Fache, the police chief, is the Teacher that is directing Silas' deadly search for the keystone. Also, in terms of symbolism, the reader learns that, because it was forbidden by the Church to speak of Mary Magdalene, she emerged in the arts and in symbols such as the Chalice, the Holy Grail, and the Rose.