What is the theme in Nicholas and Alexandra by Robert K. Massie?

The contrast between the classes is an underlying theme of the book as to do with the difference between the haves and the have-nots. The royalty and upper classes were wealthy beyond words. They were displaying this wealth all over St. Petersburg with their balls and banquets and jewels. While they are partying, the poor women are standing in the cold waiting in bread lines. Many of the poor were begging to stay alive. This is the reason for the social unrest and many strikes throughout the city during this period.