Describe symbolism in July's People by Nadine Gordimer

Johannesburg traditionally symbolized progress, power and security until the black fighters seized control and overtook the city.

The bakkie was a car, and symbolized protection, power and freedom. It was the Smales’ last symbol of their former life. They held tightly to it, thinking it to be the last bit of control they had over July. The keys represented that control. Giving and taking away the keys to the car was a constant reminder of his servitude to them. It was also a display of trust or distrust.