How does the author use foreshadowing in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban?

Although Harry is not allowed to go to the village because of concerns regarding Black, he eventually uses the Marauder's Map and Invisibility Cloak, to identify
the correct statue (a hunchback which foreshadows future physical discomfort for Harry), which allows him to enter and travel through underground tunnels to reach the basement of Honeydukes, the candy store in Hogsmeade.