In the final chapter, Estella says to Pip: "Suffering has been stronger than all other teaching." Discuss the theme of suffering in this book-specifically how it instructs Pip, Miss Havisham and Estella.

Most of the major characters suffer in this book.Pip suffers losing his identity into the greed of London, Estella suffers from being used and having lack of independence. .Miss Havisham suffers acutely when she is cruelly abandoned at the marriage altar. Check this out below:

https://victorianweb.org/authors/dickens/ge/mason1.html