There are many parallels between the transition to adulthood and encounters/adventures that Alice experiences. For example, all adults are idiots and are despicable. The chess set scene is another example of how everyone is just a pawn for those in power. Alice's confusion over language and how to 'fit in' are also part of puberty and change. And, of course, the potions that grow her extremely tall or shrink her to miniscule proportions have to do with never ending barage of physical changes that occur during adolesence.
